TOPIC A
Install and Configure Display Devices
In this lesson, you will install and configure peripheral components. Generally, one of the sim- plest peripherals to install is the display device. In this topic, you will install and configure display devices.
The display device is a user’s window into the computer system. Without the display device, you can’t see the computer interface to issue commands, and you can’t see the results of your work. Correctly installing and configuring the display system enables you to meet these basic user needs. The information in this topic will enable you to install a range of different display devices correctly.
Display Device Types
Common display devices that you might be asked to install include CRT monitors, LCD moni- tors, and projection systems, which are described in the following table.
The original personal computers were designed to use television as video displays, but televi-
sions at that time were limited to about 40 characters per line. The first personal computer
monitors could display up to 80 characters per line and 25 lines of text in bright green or
white on a black background. The computer’s graphic card only displayed black and white. It
was the monitor that used either green or amber phosphor to change the color for the end user.
Install and Configure Display Devices
In this lesson, you will install and configure peripheral components. Generally, one of the sim- plest peripherals to install is the display device. In this topic, you will install and configure display devices.
The display device is a user’s window into the computer system. Without the display device, you can’t see the computer interface to issue commands, and you can’t see the results of your work. Correctly installing and configuring the display system enables you to meet these basic user needs. The information in this topic will enable you to install a range of different display devices correctly.
Display Device Types
Common display devices that you might be asked to install include CRT monitors, LCD moni- tors, and projection systems, which are described in the following table.
Display Device
CRT monitor
LCD monitor
Projection system
CRT monitor
LCD monitor
Projection system
Description
Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) monitors are the traditional type of computer display. Starting with IBM’s Video Graphics Array (VGA) standard, CRTs used analog color, which uses three consecutive signals—one each for red, green, and blue. Super VGA (SVGA) is the later standard. Cathode ray tube (CRT) monitors can have curved or flat screens. However, they should not be confused with flat-panel monitors.
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) flat-panel displays are a compact, light- weight alternative to traditional CRT monitors and are the most common monitors sold today. LCDs now come in large-screen sizes of 17 inches and more, with high screen resolution and high color capacity. Older LCDs have two disadvantages: they are not as bright as CRT monitors, and the user must sit directly in front of the LCD screen to see the display properly. LCDs consume much less energy than CRTs and do not emit electromagnetic radiations as CRTs do.
Video projectors are often used to display the contents of a monitor onto a white board or other surface so that an audience can see the output from a computer screen.
Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) monitors are the traditional type of computer display. Starting with IBM’s Video Graphics Array (VGA) standard, CRTs used analog color, which uses three consecutive signals—one each for red, green, and blue. Super VGA (SVGA) is the later standard. Cathode ray tube (CRT) monitors can have curved or flat screens. However, they should not be confused with flat-panel monitors.
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) flat-panel displays are a compact, light- weight alternative to traditional CRT monitors and are the most common monitors sold today. LCDs now come in large-screen sizes of 17 inches and more, with high screen resolution and high color capacity. Older LCDs have two disadvantages: they are not as bright as CRT monitors, and the user must sit directly in front of the LCD screen to see the display properly. LCDs consume much less energy than CRTs and do not emit electromagnetic radiations as CRTs do.
Video projectors are often used to display the contents of a monitor onto a white board or other surface so that an audience can see the output from a computer screen.
Monochrome, Color, and Enhanced Graphics
As demand for color graphics increased, the monochrome standard of the Monochrome Dis-
play Adapter (MDA) was replaced by the Color Graphics Adapter (CGA), which could show
from two to 16 colors at resolutions from 160 x 200 to 640 x 200 pixels (picture elements or
unique dots on the screen). The Enhanced Graphics Adapter (EGA) could show up to 640 x
350 pixels. Monitors of this vintage used digital video signals—TTL for transistor-to-transistor
logic—and are completely incompatible with today’s computers.
Other Display Devices
Virtual reality games and special-purpose imaging needs led to the development of glasses that substitute for a monitor. Touchscreen monitors enable input by touching images on the screen. This technology is used in bank ATM machines, some point-of-sale terminals at fast food res- taurants, and other situations where a separate keyboard for input is not appropriate. Video display systems can be used to display one image to several monitors (often used in training situations) or display an image covering a huge screen (often used at trade shows).
Display Settings
You can configure a number of display characteristics for each video output device, either through a dialog box in Windows or through controls on the physical monitor.
Other Display Devices
Virtual reality games and special-purpose imaging needs led to the development of glasses that substitute for a monitor. Touchscreen monitors enable input by touching images on the screen. This technology is used in bank ATM machines, some point-of-sale terminals at fast food res- taurants, and other situations where a separate keyboard for input is not appropriate. Video display systems can be used to display one image to several monitors (often used in training situations) or display an image covering a huge screen (often used at trade shows).
Display Settings
You can configure a number of display characteristics for each video output device, either through a dialog box in Windows or through controls on the physical monitor.
Display Setting
Resolution
Refresh rate
Color depth (quality)
Resolution
Refresh rate
Color depth (quality)
Description
The maximum number of pixels on a monitor. A pixel is the smallest dis- crete element on a video display. A single pixel is composed of a red, a blue, and a green dot. The resolution value is given as horizontal pixels by vertical pixels, usually in the ratio 4:3. Common resolutions are 640 x 480, 800 x 600, 1024 x 768, and 1600 x 1200. The higher the resolution, the more objects or information you can fit on the screen at once.
The number of times per second that the entire monitor is scanned to illu- minate the pixels. Each scan is referred to as a frame. The rate is expressed in Hertz (Hz). Typical refresh rates are 60-70 Hz or 60-70 times per second. Any setting lower than 60 Hz usually produces noticeable flickering.
The number of bits used to store the color of a pixel: the more bits per pixel, the more colors can be displayed. The following are the color depths you will likely encounter:
Interlacing
If you have an interlaced display adapter, every other line is scanned during each pass until the entire screen has been covered. This method improves resolution, but produces a noticeable flicker as the phosphors lose luminescence before they are hit again.
A device driver is a type of software that enables the operating system and a peripheral device
to communicate with each other. Also referred to as a driver or driver software, a device driver
takes generalized commands from the system software or an application and translates them
into unique programming commands that the device can understand. It also provides the code
that allows the device to function with the operating system, and it is generally installed as
part of the installation process for a new piece of hardware. Device drivers can be generic for
a class of device or specific to a particular device.
The maximum number of pixels on a monitor. A pixel is the smallest dis- crete element on a video display. A single pixel is composed of a red, a blue, and a green dot. The resolution value is given as horizontal pixels by vertical pixels, usually in the ratio 4:3. Common resolutions are 640 x 480, 800 x 600, 1024 x 768, and 1600 x 1200. The higher the resolution, the more objects or information you can fit on the screen at once.
The number of times per second that the entire monitor is scanned to illu- minate the pixels. Each scan is referred to as a frame. The rate is expressed in Hertz (Hz). Typical refresh rates are 60-70 Hz or 60-70 times per second. Any setting lower than 60 Hz usually produces noticeable flickering.
The number of bits used to store the color of a pixel: the more bits per pixel, the more colors can be displayed. The following are the color depths you will likely encounter:
Interlacing
If you have an interlaced display adapter, every other line is scanned during each pass until the entire screen has been covered. This method improves resolution, but produces a noticeable flicker as the phosphors lose luminescence before they are hit again.
Device Drivers
Definition:
Procedure Reference: Adjust Video Output Settings
To adjust video output settings:
To adjust video output settings:
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Use the control buttons located on the physical monitor to adjust the display size and
location. Through these buttons you can change the:
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● Vertical display position.
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● Horizontal display position.
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● Display height.
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● Display width.
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● Vertical display position.
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Use the control buttons located on the physical monitor to adjust brightness and contrast.
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Use the Windows Display Properties Control Panel to adjust the screen resolution.
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Right-click the desktop and choose Properties to display the Display Properties Con-
trol Panel.
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Click Settings.
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Drag the Screen Resolution slider to the desired setting. If your video card and moni-
tor support only one resolution, you won’t be able to change it. If the video card
supports only two resolutions, instead of dragging the indicator, click above the
desired resolution to change it.
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Click Apply.
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Click OK.
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If prompted to retain the settings, click Yes. If you don’t click within the allotted
time, the setting reverts to the previous setting.
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Right-click the desktop and choose Properties to display the Display Properties Con-
trol Panel.
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Use the Windows Display Properties Control Panel to adjust the font size.
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● To select a standard font size:
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Right-click the desktop and choose Properties.
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In the Display Properties Control Panel, click the Appearance tab.
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Display the Font Size drop-down list.
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Select the desired font size. Choices include Normal, Large, and Extra Large.
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Click OK.
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Right-click the desktop and choose Properties.
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● To select a custom font size by adjusting the dpi setting for the monitor:
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Right-click the desktop and choose Properties.
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In the Display Properties Control Panel, click the Settings tab.
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Click Advanced.
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From the DPI Setting drop-down list, select a size: Normal (96 DPI), Large
(120 DPI), or Custom Setting.
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If you selected Custom Setting, either select a percentage of normal font size
from the drop-down list or drag the ruler to the desired scale. Click OK, and
then click OK again to acknowledge that you will need to install the fonts and
restart.
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Click OK.
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If prompted to use existing files, click Yes.
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Click Close, and then click Yes to restart the computer.
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Right-click the desktop and choose Properties.
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● To select a standard font size:
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